Backhousia Citriodora - Lemon Scented Myrtle

Backhousia citriodora, commonly known as Lemon Myrtle, is a highly aromatic Australian native shrub or small tree, prized for its strong lemon-scented foliage. It is a versatile plant, suitable for both ornamental and culinary uses. In gardens, it adds a refreshing citrus fragrance and can be grown as a feature tree, hedge, or even as a container plant. It is also well-regarded for its essential oils, which are commonly used in culinary, cosmetic, and therapeutic products.

Flowers:
In late spring to summer, Backhousia citriodora produces clusters of creamy-white, fluffy flowers. These flowers are lightly scented and attract pollinators such as bees and butterflies, adding to the ecological value of the plant.

Foliage:
The lance-shaped leaves of Lemon Myrtle are glossy green and possess a distinct, strong lemon fragrance when crushed. The leaves are the primary feature of this plant, as they contain high levels of citral, the essential oil responsible for the intense lemon aroma and flavor. New growth often has a reddish hue before maturing to green.

Fruit:
Small, woody capsules follow the flowering stage. These fruits are inconspicuous and not a key feature of the plant.

Form and Size:
Typically growing to 3–8 meters in height with a spread of 2–4 meters, Backhousia citriodora has an upright and bushy form, making it suitable for use as a screen or hedge. It can also be pruned to maintain a more compact or ornamental shape.

Growing Conditions:
Thrives in full sun to part shade and prefers well-drained, fertile soils. It can be sensitive to frost, so protection is recommended in colder climates. Lemon Myrtle appreciates regular watering during dry periods but becomes more drought-tolerant as it matures. Mulching is beneficial to help retain soil moisture.

Uses:
Widely used in the culinary world for its strong lemon flavor, Backhousia citriodora leaves are commonly used fresh or dried in teas, sauces, desserts, and marinades. In landscaping, it serves well as a fragrant hedge, feature tree, or specimen plant. Its lemon-scented leaves are also used in essential oils for soaps, candles, and personal care products.

Maintenance:
This plant benefits from regular pruning to maintain its shape and encourage bushy growth. Removing spent flowers can promote better appearance and leaf production. Lemon Myrtle can be fertilized in spring with a balanced fertilizer to promote healthy growth.

Notes:
Lemon Myrtle is considered one of the most aromatic plants in the world due to its high concentration of citral. Its leaves are highly sought after in the culinary and health industries. Frost protection is recommended in areas prone to freezing temperatures.

Companion Plants:
Pairs beautifully with other Australian natives like Grevillea, Callistemon, and Leptospermum. It also contrasts well with grey-leafed shrubs such as Westringia and provides a lovely fragrance near walkways or outdoor seating areas.

Common Name: Lemon Myrtle
Botanical Name: Backhousia citriodora
Family: Myrtaceae
Origin: Australia

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